Heart Health - Stroke
A stroke is a serious life-threatening medical condition that happens when the blood supply to part of the brain is cut off. Strokes are a medical emergency and urgent treatment is essential. If a stroke is suspected DIAL 999 immediately and request an ambulance.
Although some people may recover quickly, many people who have a stroke need long-term support to help them regain as much independence as possible. A team of different specialists may help with rehabilitation, including physiotherapists , psychologists, occupational therapists, speech and language therapists, dietitians as well as specialist nurses and doctors.
Symptoms of Stroke (FAST)
Recognising the signs of a stroke and acting quickly can save lives and improve recovery.
- Face:
Sudden drooping or numbness on one side of the face. - Arms:
Inability to lift one or both arms. - Speech
Slurred or difficulty speaking. - Time:
Call emergency services immediately if these symptoms occur.
Other symptoms may include confusion, sudden vision problems, dizziness, and severe headaches.
Symptoms of Stroke (FAST)
Common causes and risk factors for stroke include:
- High blood pressure (the leading cause of strokes)
- Atrial fibrillation (irregular heartbeat increasing clot risk)
- Diabetes
- High cholesterol
- Smoking
- High cholesterol
- Excessive alcohol consumption
- Obesity and lack of physical activity
- Family history of stroke
Prevention: Lowering Stroke Risk
Preventive measures can significantly reduce the likelihood of stroke:
- Control Blood Pressure:
Regular monitoring and medication if necessary. - Manage AFib:
Treat irregular heart rhythms to prevent clot formation. - Adopt a Healthy Diet:
Reduce salt, sugar, and saturated fats while increasing fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. - Exercise Regularly:
Engage in at least 150 minutes of moderate activity weekly. - Quit Smoking:
Smoking doubles the risk of stroke by damaging blood vessels. - Limit Alcohol:
Excess alcohol raises blood pressure and stroke risk. - Maintain a Healthy Weight:
Obesity is a significant risk factor for stroke.
Importance of Early Diagnosis and Treatment
Timely treatment of stroke can minimise damage and improve recovery. Immediate medical interventions may include:
- Clot-busting Medications:
If administered within hours of stroke onset, these can restore blood flow to the brain. - Surgical Procedures:
In some cases, clot removal or artery repair may be required. - Rehabilitation:
Physical, occupational, and speech therapy can help regain lost functions.
